RESISTANCE OF WALNUT VARIETIES TO WALNUT BLIGHT CAUSED BY PANTOEA AGGLOMERANS IN THE SOUTHERN HORTICULTURAL ZONE OF KAZAKHSTAN

Gulshariya Kairova; Elmira Ismagulova; Sergey Oleichenko; Gulnur Suleimanova; Hüseyin Basim; Moldir Sarshayeva

doi:10.37884/2-2024/23

Abstract

Walnut blight is a harmful disease that affects nut crops. It is caused by the bacterium Pantoea agglomerans and has become widespread in recent years, posing a serious threat to walnut plantations. The disease not only destroys more than half of the crop, but also causes bark cracking and slow crown desiccation, which can lead to further infections. One of the most important requirements for modern varieties of agricultural plants, including nut crops, is an increased level of resistance to diseases.

In Kazakhstan, there is currently no data on the spread of diseases of nut crops and resistance of varieties to harmful diseases. This makes it difficult to recommend a suitable variety for industrial and private nut orchards. Ipmroving the breeding process and increasing the productivity of walnut plantations, it is extremely relevant to assess the resistance of varieties to the most dangerous pathogens.

For the first time in Kazakhstan, a two-year monitoring study was conducted to assess the resistance of promising walnut varieties and forms to the Pantoea agglomerans, taking into account the prevailing weather and climatic conditions. The study was carried out on 23 varieties and forms in the main fruit-growing regions of the country.

It was found that the walnut blight caused by the bacterium Pantoea agglomerans annually damages walnut plants, and the degree of disease damage depends on the prevailing weather and climatic conditions.

The research results revealed that the Moldavian variety - Kazaku showed high resistance to walnut blight. Other resistant varieties are Miroslava, Ovidiu, Germisara, Yarivski, Peshanski, Kogylnichanu, 185, Lipin 2, Liaohe, Fernor, Plin, and Kishinevski. These varieties showed minimal damage, not exceeding 2 points, during the years of observation.

These varieties are recommended as suitable varieties for increasing the productivity of industrial and private nut orchards and improving the breeding process.

walnut, variety, walnut blight, Pantoea agglomerans, resistance of varieties, disease development, disease prevalence.

01 Introduction

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02 References

1. Richter, A.A.; Yadrov, A.A. Walnut. Moscow: Agropromizdat. 1985, 215. (in Russian).
2. Oleichenko, S.N. Bookmark walnut plantations in the South of Kazakhstan. Collection of materials of the international scientific and practical seminar "Providing the nut growing industry of Kazakhstan with high-quality planting material of promising forms varieties". 2018, 10-13. (in Russian).
3. Nussipzhanov, N.S.; Oleichenko, S.N.; Shoibekova, A.Zh. Improvement of methods for increasing the germination capacity of walnut seeds (Juglans regia). Izdenister, natijeler - Research and results. 2020, N3(87), ISSN 2304-3334. (in Russian).
4. Zubkov, A.V.; Antonenko, V.V.; Thiessen, M.V.; Indolov, V.M. Infestation of species of the genus Juglans L. in the conditions of the Non-Black Earth Region of the middle zone of Russia. Vestnik agrarnoi nauki. 2021, 1(88), 3-8. (in Russian).
5. Dutkiewicz, J.; Mackiewicz, B.; Lemieszek, M.K.; Golec, M.; Milanowski, J. Pantoea agglomerans: a mysterious bacterium of evil and good. Part IV. Beneficial effects. Ann. Agric. Environ. Med. 2016, 23, 206–222. DOI: 10.5604/12321966.1203879.
6. Xiao, J.; Liu, Z.; Sun, S.; Fan, C.; Wang, D.; Zhang, D. Complete Genome Sequence of Pantoea agglomerans CHTF15, a Walnut Pathogen. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2023, 36(2), 134-137. https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-10-22-0216-A.
7. Gutiérrez-Barranquero, J.A.; Cazorla, F.M.; Torés, J.A.; Vicente, A. Pantoea agglomerans as a new etiological agent of a bacterial necrotic disease of mango trees. Phytopathology. 2019, 109:17-26. DOI:10.1094/PHYTO-06-18-0186-R
8. An, X.H; Wang, N.; Wang, H.; Li, Y.; Si, X.Y.; Zhao, S.; Tian, Y. Physiological and transcriptomic analyses of response of walnuts (Juglans regia) to Pantoea agglomerans infection. Front Plant Sci. 2023. 5; 14:1294643. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1294643.
9. Yang, K.Q.; Qu, W.W.; Liu , X.; Liu , H.X.; Hou, L.Q. First report of Pantoea agglomerans causing brown apical necrosis of walnut in China. Plant Dis. 2011, 95(6):773. DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-01-11-0060.
10. Shamrai, S.N.; Glushchenko, V.I. Fundamentals of field research in phytopathology and phytoimmunology: textbook. Kharkiv: KhNU named after V.N. Karazin. 2006, 64. (in Russian).
11. Programme and methodology of varietal studies of fruit, berry and nut crops. Under the general editorship of E. N. Sedov and T. P. Ogoltsova. Orel: VNIISPK Publishing House. 1999, 102-111. (in Russian).
12. Meteorological and hydrological databases of the National Hydrometeorological Service of Kazakhstan (2022 and 2023). Available on: https://www.kazhydromet.kz/ru/about/o-nacionalnoy-gidrometeorologicheskoy-sluzhbe-kazahstana.

Citation Links

[1]2024. RESISTANCE OF WALNUT VARIETIES TO WALNUT BLIGHT CAUSED BY PANTOEA AGGLOMERANS IN THE SOUTHERN HORTICULTURAL ZONE OF KAZAKHSTAN. Izdenister natigeler. 2 (102) (Jun. 2024), 238–248. DOI:https://doi.org/10.37884/2-2024/23.

(1)RESISTANCE OF WALNUT VARIETIES TO WALNUT BLIGHT CAUSED BY PANTOEA AGGLOMERANS IN THE SOUTHERN HORTICULTURAL ZONE OF KAZAKHSTAN. Izdenister natigeler 2024, No. 2 (102), 238-248. https://doi.org/10.37884/2-2024/23.

RESISTANCE OF WALNUT VARIETIES TO WALNUT BLIGHT CAUSED BY PANTOEA AGGLOMERANS IN THE SOUTHERN HORTICULTURAL ZONE OF KAZAKHSTAN. (2024). Izdenister Natigeler, 2 (102), 238-248. https://doi.org/10.37884/2-2024/23

RESISTANCE OF WALNUT VARIETIES TO WALNUT BLIGHT CAUSED BY PANTOEA AGGLOMERANS IN THE SOUTHERN HORTICULTURAL ZONE OF KAZAKHSTAN. Izdenister natigeler, [S. l.], n. 2 (102), p. 238–248, 2024. DOI: 10.37884/2-2024/23. Disponível em: https://agrosoil.kaznaru.edu.kz/index.php/research/article/view/584. Acesso em: 15 sep. 2026.

“RESISTANCE OF WALNUT VARIETIES TO WALNUT BLIGHT CAUSED BY PANTOEA AGGLOMERANS IN THE SOUTHERN HORTICULTURAL ZONE OF KAZAKHSTAN”. 2024. Izdenister Natigeler, no. 2 (102) (June): 238-48. https://doi.org/10.37884/2-2024/23.

“RESISTANCE OF WALNUT VARIETIES TO WALNUT BLIGHT CAUSED BY PANTOEA AGGLOMERANS IN THE SOUTHERN HORTICULTURAL ZONE OF KAZAKHSTAN” (2024) Izdenister natigeler, (2 (102), pp. 238–248. doi:10.37884/2-2024/23.

[1]“RESISTANCE OF WALNUT VARIETIES TO WALNUT BLIGHT CAUSED BY PANTOEA AGGLOMERANS IN THE SOUTHERN HORTICULTURAL ZONE OF KAZAKHSTAN”, Izdenister natigeler, no. 2 (102), pp. 238–248, Jun. 2024, doi: 10.37884/2-2024/23.

“RESISTANCE OF WALNUT VARIETIES TO WALNUT BLIGHT CAUSED BY PANTOEA AGGLOMERANS IN THE SOUTHERN HORTICULTURAL ZONE OF KAZAKHSTAN”. Izdenister Natigeler, no. 2 (102), June 2024, pp. 238-4, https://doi.org/10.37884/2-2024/23.

“RESISTANCE OF WALNUT VARIETIES TO WALNUT BLIGHT CAUSED BY PANTOEA AGGLOMERANS IN THE SOUTHERN HORTICULTURAL ZONE OF KAZAKHSTAN”. Izdenister natigeler, no. 2 (102) (June 29, 2024): 238–248. Accessed September 15, 2026. https://agrosoil.kaznaru.edu.kz/index.php/research/article/view/584.

1.RESISTANCE OF WALNUT VARIETIES TO WALNUT BLIGHT CAUSED BY PANTOEA AGGLOMERANS IN THE SOUTHERN HORTICULTURAL ZONE OF KAZAKHSTAN. Izdenister natigeler [Internet]. 2024 Jun. 29 [cited 2026 Sep. 15];(2 (102):238-4. Available from: https://agrosoil.kaznaru.edu.kz/index.php/research/article/view/584

1.RESISTANCE OF WALNUT VARIETIES TO WALNUT BLIGHT CAUSED BY PANTOEA AGGLOMERANS IN THE SOUTHERN HORTICULTURAL ZONE OF KAZAKHSTAN. Izdenister natigeler. 2024;(2 (102):238-248. doi:10.37884/2-2024/23

[1] 1. Richter, A.A.; Yadrov, A.A. Walnut. Moscow: Agropromizdat. 1985, 215. (in Russian).

[2] 2. Oleichenko, S.N. Bookmark walnut plantations in the South of Kazakhstan. Collection of materials of the international scientific and practical seminar "Providing the nut growing industry of Kazakhstan with high-quality planting material of promising forms varieties". 2018, 10-13. (in Russian).

[3] 3. Nussipzhanov, N.S.; Oleichenko, S.N.; Shoibekova, A.Zh. Improvement of methods for increasing the germination capacity of walnut seeds (Juglans regia). Izdenister, natijeler - Research and results. 2020, N3(87), ISSN 2304-3334. (in Russian).

[4] 4. Zubkov, A.V.; Antonenko, V.V.; Thiessen, M.V.; Indolov, V.M. Infestation of species of the genus Juglans L. in the conditions of the Non-Black Earth Region of the middle zone of Russia. Vestnik agrarnoi nauki. 2021, 1(88), 3-8. (in Russian).

[5] 5. Dutkiewicz, J.; Mackiewicz, B.; Lemieszek, M.K.; Golec, M.; Milanowski, J. Pantoea agglomerans: a mysterious bacterium of evil and good. Part IV. Beneficial effects. Ann. Agric. Environ. Med. 2016, 23, 206–222. DOI: 10.5604/12321966.1203879.

[6] 6. Xiao, J.; Liu, Z.; Sun, S.; Fan, C.; Wang, D.; Zhang, D. Complete Genome Sequence of Pantoea agglomerans CHTF15, a Walnut Pathogen. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2023, 36(2), 134-137. https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-10-22-0216-A.

[7] 7. Gutiérrez-Barranquero, J.A.; Cazorla, F.M.; Torés, J.A.; Vicente, A. Pantoea agglomerans as a new etiological agent of a bacterial necrotic disease of mango trees. Phytopathology. 2019, 109:17-26. DOI:10.1094/PHYTO-06-18-0186-R

[8] 8. An, X.H; Wang, N.; Wang, H.; Li, Y.; Si, X.Y.; Zhao, S.; Tian, Y. Physiological and transcriptomic analyses of response of walnuts (Juglans regia) to Pantoea agglomerans infection. Front Plant Sci. 2023. 5; 14:1294643. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1294643.

[9] 9. Yang, K.Q.; Qu, W.W.; Liu , X.; Liu , H.X.; Hou, L.Q. First report of Pantoea agglomerans causing brown apical necrosis of walnut in China. Plant Dis. 2011, 95(6):773. DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-01-11-0060.

[10] 10. Shamrai, S.N.; Glushchenko, V.I. Fundamentals of field research in phytopathology and phytoimmunology: textbook. Kharkiv: KhNU named after V.N. Karazin. 2006, 64. (in Russian).

[11] 11. Programme and methodology of varietal studies of fruit, berry and nut crops. Under the general editorship of E. N. Sedov and T. P. Ogoltsova. Orel: VNIISPK Publishing House. 1999, 102-111. (in Russian).

[12] 12. Meteorological and hydrological databases of the National Hydrometeorological Service of Kazakhstan (2022 and 2023). Available on: https://www.kazhydromet.kz/ru/about/o-nacionalnoy-gidrometeorologicheskoy-sluzhbe-kazahstana.